Turbine.



PATENTED-DEQ. 12, 1905.

D. STA-BRETT.

TURBINE. APPLICATION FILED APR.11,1905.

- which extend snugly around the shaft of the UNITED STATES PATENTorrron. I

DANVILL W. STARRET'IXEOF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

I TURBINE.

' Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented net; s, 1905.

Kpplication filed April 11, 1905. Serial No. 254,92Q.

To all whom may concern:

Be it known that I, DAI'WIL W: STARRETT',

a citizen'of the United States, residing at San Francisco, in the countyof San Francisco and State of California'have invented certain new anduseful Improvements i-nTurbines, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to turbines adapted to be driven by steam orother pressure fluids, the object of the invention .being to provide aturbine in which the steam can be utilized by expansion to its fullextent and which will be economical in construction and in theprevention of leakage of the steam.-

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of theturbine, taken on the line. A 'A of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a cross-section ofthe turbine, taken on the line B B of Fig. 1. Fig. '3 is an enlargeddetail crosssectional view showing the direction of the steam in passingbetween the revolving stationary buckets. Fig. 4is an enlarged detaillongitudinally-sectional view of one chamber and the runner therein.

Referring to the drawings, 1 represents the shaft of theturbine'rotating in bearings2, (only. one here shown.) Upon this shaftare secured a series of runner wheels 3 4 5, three being here shown,although the principle of my invention may be applied equally well to agreater or less number than three of these runner-wheels. Each wheel isformed with transverse cavities or buckets 6 at the circumference andwith radial cavities or buckets 7 at the sides, which latter extendoutward only from plane or smooth portions 8 of said side, which planeportions 8 of said sides fit snugly against similarplane portions 9 ofthe casing. I

The casing is made in two halves 10, which are fitted to each other on avertical plane through the shaft of the turbine and are provided withflanges 11, by means of which they can be bolted together, as shown at12. Said casing-sections, in addition to the end walls 13 thereof, areprovided with partitions 14,

turbine to prevent leakage, and said partitions, in like manner as'theends of the casing, have the smooth or plane portions 9 fitting againstthe plane portions 8 of' the run ner-wheels to prevent leakage of thesteam.

Said partitions thus form chambers 15 for the runner-wheels. internaltransverse cavities or buckets 15 in the circumference of the chambersat the sides sults.

The steam or other pressure fluid enters the a The casing-sections havethe of the end walls and partitions corresponding in form and numberwith the transverse cavities or buckets 6 in the circumferences of the:runner-wheels and the-radial cavities or buckets 17 corresponding inform and number with ties in thewheels just clear the. edges of thecavities in the casing. These cavities are preferably made of acurvaturesymmetrical inboth directionsforward and backward; as this form isbelieved to give the best refirst chamber 18 of the casing at the bottomby the inlet-pipe 19. in a vertical tangential direction. The steamimpinging upon the buckets of the runner-wheel with great velocityimpels it forward in thedirection'of the steam, and in passing betweenthe buckets of the runner-wheel and those of the casing, either theradial bucketsat the sidesorfthetransverse buckets at the circumference,

is deflected from a bucket on the wheel against a bucket on the casing,causing it tostrike another bucket upon the wheel, again impelthe radialbuckets 7 on the runner-wheels. The wheels and chambers of the casingare of such relative size that the edges of the cavi-' ling it forward,being thus deflected anum-' ber of times in succession until it haspassed nearly through a complete circumference of the firstrunner-wheel, when it flows by a' curved pipe 20 to the entrance 21 ofthe sec- 0nd chamber 22 of the casing. This chamber 22 and therunner-wheel therein are larger than the first chamber and runner-wheelto allow for the expansion of the steam. Around this runner-wheel andchamber the steam travels as before, continually expanding and impartingits velocity to the second runnerwheel, then emerging from the chamber22 by a curved pipe 23, which wardly-extending inlet-opening of thethird chamber 2e, which is still larger than the second chamber, as isalso the runner-wheel therein. Around this runner-wheel and cham: herthe steamtravels, continually expanding and emerging by thedownwardly-directed exhaust-pipe 25.

It will be seen that this construction allows full opportunity for theexpansion of the leads to the up? steam. Whether the steam passes overthe I circumference or the sides of the runnerwheel it is in all casesdeflected by the buckets on the easing into such 1 direction as toimpinge upon the buckets of the runnerwheel to repeatedly impart itsvelocity there- I-ro to. Moreover, it cannot escape except by passingcontinually in contact with these.

cheap, as the casing can be made'of cast-iron ference and a casinghaving similar plane-or and the runner of cast-steel.

l cla1m 1. A turb ne comprising a shaft, a runnerwheel thereon, having aseries of radial buckets in the sides, and a casing having a series ofcorresponding radial buckets in the sides, the edges of-the buckets inthe runner-wheel just clearingthose of the casing, substantially asdescribed.

2. A turbine comprising a shaft, a runnerwheel thereon having concaveradial buckets in the sides and transverse buckets in the circumference,and a casing having corresponding buckets in the sides andcircumference,- the buckets of the runner-wheel just clearing those ofthe casing, substantially as described.

3. .A turbine having a shaft, a runner-wheel thereon having a plane orsmooth central portion on each side and radial cavities extending fromsaid smooth portion to the c'trcumsmooth portions fitting against thoseof the runner-wheel and having radial concavities or bucketscorresponding to those of the runner-wheel, the edges of the buckets ofthe one just clearing those of the other, substantially as described.

4. A turbine comprising a shaft, a runnerwheel thereon having acontinuous series of concavities or buckets of a curvature symmetricalin both directions, and a casing having a similar series, the edges ofthe buckets of one just'clearing those of the other, Substantially asdescribed.

5. A turbine comprising a shaft, a runnerwheel thereon having acontinuous series of radial concavities or buckets of a curvaturesymmetrical in both directions, and a casing having-a similar series,the edges of the buckets of one just clearing those of the other,substantially as described.

6. A turbine comprising a shaft, a runner-.

Wheel thereon having acontinuous series of.

transverse circumferential concavities or buckets of a curvaturesymmetrical in both directions, and a casing having a similar series,the edges ofthe buckets of one just clearing those of the other,substantially as described.

7 A turbine comprising a shaft, a series-of successively-increasingrunner-wheels there on and a casing having a series of partitionsfitting closely around the shaft, forming chambers successivelyincreasing in size to correspond with the runner-wheels, eachrunnerwheel having a series of concavities or buckets, and the casinghaving; in each chamber corresponding series of concavities or buckets,the edges of the buckets of one just clearingthose of the other, atangential supplyconduit for the-pressure fluid to the smallest chamberof the series, a pipe leading from said smallest chamber and dischargingtangentially into the next larger chamber of the series, and so on insuccession, substantially as described.

8. A turbine comprising a shaft, a series of successively-increasingrunner-wheels thereon and a casing having a series of partitions fittingclosely around the shaft, forming cham bers successively increasing insize to correspond with the runner-wheels, each runnerwheel having aseries of radial concavities or buckets, and the casing having in eachchamber corresponding series of concavities or buckets,"the edges of thebuckets of one just clearing'those of the other, a tangentialsupply-conduit for the pressure fluid tothe smallest chamber of theseries, a pipe leading from said smallest chamber and dischargingtangentialiyinto thenext larger chamber of the scriesfand so tially asdescribed.

9. A turbine comprising a shaft,- aseries of successively-increasingrunner-wheels thereon and a casing having a series of partitions fittingclosely around the shaft, forming chamon in succession, substanberssuccessively increasing in size to correspond with the runner-wheels,each runnerwheel having a series of transverse circumferentialconcavities or buckets, and the easing having in each chambercorresponding series of concavities or buckets, the edges of the bucketsof one just clearing those of the other, a tangential supply-conduit forthe pressure fluid to the smallest chamber of the series, a pipe leadingfrom said smallest chamber and discharging tangentially into the nextlargerchainber of the series, and so on in succession, substantially asdescribed.

10. A turbine comprising a shaft, a series of successively increasingrunner-wheels ther.e' on and a casing having a series of'partitionsfitting closely around the shaft, forming chambers successivelyincreasing in size to correspond with the runner-wheels, each runner-DBSSGS.

DANVILL W. STARRETT. Witnesses:

FRANCES M. WRIGHT, BESSIE Gonrmxm.

TOG

wheel having a series of radial buckets and a Y

